Mobile crushing plant can penetrate into the front line of operation and realise on-site crushing of materials, which significantly reduces the cost of material transfer and site constraints. Faced with diverse material characteristics, capacity requirements, and operating environments, mobile crushing plants have developed a rich variety of types. According to the different crushing principles, core structures and walking modes, mobile crushing plants can be divided into three mainstream types: jaw, impact, and cone, as well as two major walking systems: crawler and tyre.
In this article, we will introduce the differences and applicability of different types of mobile crushing plants from the dimensions of technical principles, application scenarios, and performance characteristics.
The core of a mobile crushing plant is the crushing host it carries, and different crushing principles determine its best material, crushing stage and final product characteristics. According to the type of crushing machine, it can be classified into the following three types:
Working Principle:
Simulate the chewing action of an animal’s two jaws. The fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate form the crushing chamber. The movable jaw plate is driven by the eccentric shaft to do a periodic reciprocating motion, and the material falling into the cavity will be crushed by squeezing and splitting.
Core features:
Advantages:
High reliability, relatively easy maintenance, wide range of capacity (from small to very large).
Typical applications:
Primary crushing in mines and quarries; coarse crushing of large construction waste; as the first process in a multi-stage crushing line.
Working Principle:
The core is the high-speed rotor and the plate hammer installed on it. After entering the crushing chamber, the materials are firstly impacted by the hammers to obtain high kinetic energy, and then thrown to the impact plate at high speed for secondary impact crushing, and part of the materials are further crushed by mutual collision in the chamber (‘stone hitting stone’).
Core features:
High crushing efficiency, large crushing ratio: a single machine can complete the task of medium or even fine crushing (crushing ratio of up to 20 or more).
Excellent particle shape: the impact crushing principle makes the finished product cubic, with less needles and flakes, and high aggregate quality.
Advantage:
Good particle shape, especially suitable for construction aggregates, and relatively low energy consumption. The structure is relatively simple, and through the adjustment of rotor speed, the impact plate clearance can easily adjust the product size.
Typical applications:
Construction waste recycling (excellent in crushing concrete and bricks); medium and fine crushing of limestone, dolomite, and other medium-hardness rocks; production of high-quality roadbed aggregate; used as a single-section crusher.
Working Principle:
The moving cone makes eccentric rotary movement in the fixed cone. The material is crushed by continuous squeezing, bending, and shearing between the moving cone and the fixed cone liner. The core is the principle of laminated crushing – the materials are stacked up in the crushing chamber and crushed by mutual extrusion.
Core features:
Advantages:
High and stable aggregate quality, good abrasion resistance, suitable for hard rock, relatively smooth operation, and high degree of automation.
Typical applications:
Medium and fine crushing of high hardness rocks (granite, basalt, river pebbles, etc.); high-standard projects requiring strict aggregate shape and gradation (e.g., highways, high-speed railways, hydroelectric dams); usually used in secondary and tertiary crushing.
The travelling system is the ‘mobile core’ of the mobile crushing plant, which can be divided into two categories, crawler and tyre, according to the different driving methods, and there are significant differences between the two in terms of passability, applicability scenarios, cost, and so on.
Core features:
Advantage:
Strong site adaptability, no need to specialise in levelling and hardening the site; short-distance turnaround can be completed by itself with high efficiency; especially suitable for working conditions with complicated terrain, narrow sites, and frequent short-distance movements.
Typical applications:
Mining and quarrying; on-site processing of construction/demolition waste; projects that require frequent movement between different operating points within the site; sites with large slopes; wetlands, mudflat,s and other areas with soft foundations.
Core features:
Advantage:
Fast, low-cost transport over long distances; easy to move on flat, hardened sites.
Typical applications:
Projects that require frequent long-distance transfers between dispersed sites (e.g., large road and railway construction projects); quarries or construction waste treatment plants with relatively good site conditions.
Facing different types of mobile crushing plants, how to make the optimal choice is directly related to the project’s return on investment, production efficiency, and smooth operation. Here are some suggestions for you:
After clearly sorting out the features and differences of different types of mobile crushing plants, only then can we maximize their advantages, reduce costs, improve efficiency, and break through site restrictions. If you want to know more details, please contact us. We will customize the crushing solution according to the actual needs of customers.