Mobile crushing plant can penetrate into the front line of operation and realise on-site crushing of materials, which significantly reduces the cost of material transfer and site constraints. Faced with diverse material characteristics, capacity requirements, and operating environments, mobile crushing plants have developed a rich variety of types. According to the different crushing principles, core structures and walking modes, mobile crushing plants can be divided into three mainstream types: jaw, impact, and cone, as well as two major walking systems: crawler and tyre.
In this article, we will introduce the differences and applicability of different types of mobile crushing plants from the dimensions of technical principles, application scenarios, and performance characteristics.
Classification According to Crushing Principle
The core of a mobile crushing plant is the crushing host it carries, and different crushing principles determine its best material, crushing stage and final product characteristics. According to the type of crushing machine, it can be classified into the following three types:
Jaw Type Mobile Crushing Plant
Working Principle:
Simulate the chewing action of an animal’s two jaws. The fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate form the crushing chamber. The movable jaw plate is driven by the eccentric shaft to do a periodic reciprocating motion, and the material falling into the cavity will be crushed by squeezing and splitting.
Core features:
- Strong structure and wear-resistant: Especially suitable for handling high hardness (such as granite, basalt), high abrasive materials.
- Large feed size: Ideal for primary (coarse) crushing, and can directly handle large pieces of raw material mined from the quarry.
- Moderate crushing ratio: usually 4-6.
- Particle shape: Relatively high in needles and flakes, with average uniformity of particle shape.
Advantages:
High reliability, relatively easy maintenance, wide range of capacity (from small to very large).
Typical applications:
Primary crushing in mines and quarries; coarse crushing of large construction waste; as the first process in a multi-stage crushing line.
Impact Type Mobile Crushing Plant
Working Principle:
The core is the high-speed rotor and the plate hammer installed on it. After entering the crushing chamber, the materials are firstly impacted by the hammers to obtain high kinetic energy, and then thrown to the impact plate at high speed for secondary impact crushing, and part of the materials are further crushed by mutual collision in the chamber (‘stone hitting stone’).
Core features:
High crushing efficiency, large crushing ratio: a single machine can complete the task of medium or even fine crushing (crushing ratio of up to 20 or more).
Excellent particle shape: the impact crushing principle makes the finished product cubic, with less needles and flakes, and high aggregate quality.
Advantage:
Good particle shape, especially suitable for construction aggregates, and relatively low energy consumption. The structure is relatively simple, and through the adjustment of rotor speed, the impact plate clearance can easily adjust the product size.
Typical applications:
Construction waste recycling (excellent in crushing concrete and bricks); medium and fine crushing of limestone, dolomite, and other medium-hardness rocks; production of high-quality roadbed aggregate; used as a single-section crusher.
Cone Type Mobile Crushing Plant
Working Principle:
The moving cone makes eccentric rotary movement in the fixed cone. The material is crushed by continuous squeezing, bending, and shearing between the moving cone and the fixed cone liner. The core is the principle of laminated crushing – the materials are stacked up in the crushing chamber and crushed by mutual extrusion.
Core features:
- Laminar crushing, high efficiency, low energy consumption: high energy utilisation of the extrusion crushing method.
- Good particle shape and uniform particle size: The aggregate produced is of regular shape with stable and controllable gradation.
- High degree of automation: Usually equipped with a hydraulic system, which can easily adjust the discharge opening, realize the protection of over-iron, and clear the cavity function.
Advantages:
High and stable aggregate quality, good abrasion resistance, suitable for hard rock, relatively smooth operation, and high degree of automation.
Typical applications:
Medium and fine crushing of high hardness rocks (granite, basalt, river pebbles, etc.); high-standard projects requiring strict aggregate shape and gradation (e.g., highways, high-speed railways, hydroelectric dams); usually used in secondary and tertiary crushing.
Classification According to Mobility:
The travelling system is the ‘mobile core’ of the mobile crushing plant, which can be divided into two categories, crawler and tyre type, according to the different driving methods, and there are significant differences between the two in terms of passability, applicability scenarios, cost, and so on.
Crawler Mobile Crusher Plant – Conquering Complex Terrain
Core features:
- Excellent off-road capability: The wide-tracked chassis enables it to drive and work stably in muddy, soft, rugged and sloping complex terrain.
- Full range of manoeuvrability: 360-degree in-situ steering for flexible movement and precise positioning in narrow or restricted sites.
- Rapid deployment: Hydraulic outriggers allow for quick levelling of the machine, which allows it to be quickly put into production when it arrives at the site.
- High degree of integration: Travelling, steering, crushing, feeding, conveying, and other systems are highly integrated into one, integrating the crushing process and reducing operating costs.
Advantage:
Strong site adaptability, no need to specialise in levelling and hardening the site; short-distance turnaround can be completed by itself with high efficiency; especially suitable for working conditions with complicated terrain, narrow sites, and frequent short-distance movements.
Typical applications:
Mining and quarrying; on-site processing of construction/demolition waste; projects that require frequent movement between different operating points within the site; sites with large slopes; wetlands, mudflat,s and other areas with soft foundations.
Tyre Type Mobile Crusher Plant – Quick Turnaround
Core features:
- Fast road travelling: Can be mounted on a standard semi-trailer axle and towed quickly by a road tractor head, shortening the transfer time between different project sites.
- Site Requirements: Relatively flat, hardened, or well-bearing sites are required for operation and movement.
- Ease of transfer: Long-distance transfer without additional large flatbed trailers, directly towed by the head of the truck.
Advantage:
Fast, low-cost transport over long distances; easy to move on flat, hardened sites.
Typical applications:
Projects that require frequent long-distance transfers between dispersed sites (e.g., large road and railway construction projects); quarries or construction waste treatment plants with relatively good site conditions.
APY4-S 4 In 1 Tyre Crusher Plant
- Configuration: Vibrating feeder + Jaw Crusher + Cone Crusher + Vibrating screening
- Capacity: 50-300 t/h
- Feeder Size(mm): ＜625
- Output Size(mm): 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40
- Integrated control system, one-button start.
- IOT system real-time monitoring of equipment operation status, maintenance automatic reminders.
- Sled plate support, increase the grounding area, and improve the stability of the equipment.
APY3-F 3 In 1 Tyre Crusher Plant
- Configuration: Vibrating feeder + Impact crusher + Vibrating screening
- Capacity: 50-350t/h t/h
- Feeder Size(mm): ＜700
- Output Size(mm): 5-180
- It can be operated by both PLC touch screen and push button to enhance productivity.
- Three-axle chassis design, can be moved quickly, easily transferred.
- Impact crusher adopts a heavy-duty rotor design and finishing to meet the use of two-stage crushing, with a large crushing ratio and good granularity of finished products.
How to Choose A Mobile Crusher Between Different Types
Facing different types of mobile crushing plants, how to make the optimal choice is directly related to the project’s return on investment, production efficiency, and smooth operation. Here are some suggestions for you:
Material hardness and abrasiveness:
- Jaw Crusher (coarse crushing) + Cone Crusher (medium and fine crushing) is preferred for high hardness and high abrasiveness (e.g., granite); Impact Crusher is preferred for medium hardness (e.g., limestone, concrete).
Feed size:
- If the material is too large, and the particle size is more than 500mm, it needs to be roughly crushed by jaw crushers.
Finished product requirements:
- For high requirements on grain shape and grading, give priority to a mobile cone crusher or an impact crusher (VSI); recycled aggregates from construction waste can usually be met by an impact crusher.
Capacity requirements:
- Select the model according to the project size (hourly output, total project volume). Andamine jaw, cone and impact crushers are available in different capacities. In addition, we can also customise them according to your needs.
Operation site and environment:
- For complex, rugged, soft, and sloping terrain, choose tracked; for flat and hardened terrain, choose tyre. In addition, for narrow sites, the flexibility of tracks is obvious.
Transit distance and frequency:
- Choose a tracked crusher for frequent short-distance movement; choose a tyre type for frequent long-distance transit.
After clearly sorting out the features and differences of different types of mobile crushing plants, only then can we maximize their advantages, reduce costs, improve efficiency, and break through site restrictions. If you want to know more details, please contact us. We will customize the crushing solution according to the actual needs of customers.